Seismic performance of two-story subway station structures with different isolating systems     

《地震研究进展（英文）》2022,2(4):100155

When the sliding bearing is fixed only at the top of the middle column of the underground structure, the cracks at the side end of the middle plate should be aggravated while the seismic damage of the mid-column should be alleviated. To enhance the seismic performance of the mid-plate, a new isolation design method has been mentioned while the elastic sliding bearings are set at the top of the mid-columns and between the side end of the mid-plate and the side wall at the same time. By establishing a nonlinear finite element analysis model for the static-dynamic coupling interaction system, the seismic response characteristics of the cast-in-place station structure without a sliding bearing have been analyzed and compared with those of the station structure with the sliding bearing fixed only at the top of the middle columns, and those of the station structure with sliding bearing be fixed between the mid-plate and the sidewall at the same time. The results show that the new isolation station structures suffer fewer earthquake damages at the mid-plate and mid-columns at the same time, which can improve the overall seismic performance of the subway station structure.  相似文献   

长短时记忆神经网络在中期地震预报中的探索--以川滇地区为例     

李林芳  石耀霖  程术 《地球物理学报》2022,65(1):12-25

利用机器学习方法对地震活动大数据进行挖掘,识别出一些过去认识不到的异常,提高地震预测的准确性,是一个非常具有挑战性的科学问题.本文基于川滇部分地区(24°N—32°N,98°E—106°E)地震目录,采用滑动的时空窗口,选取16个反映地震时空强度分布特征的地震预测因子,建立了长短时记忆(LSTM)神经网络,对研究区域9个子区块未来一年的最大地震震级进行预测.通过设置训练集∶测试集=8∶2和训练集∶测试集=7∶3两个不同的训练测试模型,对过往发生的地震进行了回溯性预报.结果表明:训练集∶测试集=7∶3模型能够利用1970年1月至2004年9月的地震目录进行学习,成功回溯性预报2008年汶川地震;训练集∶测试集=8∶2模型利用1970年1月至2009年5月资料进行训练,回溯性预报2010—2019年间6级以上地震的R评分为0.407,回溯性7级地震预报时准确率高达92.31%.本文还探讨性给出预测意见:2022年2月前研究区西部、中部、东部、西南部存在发生5.1~5.3级地震的潜在危险性.  相似文献   

2022年1月8日青海门源6.9级地震的震源区结构特征和b值意义初探     

孙安辉  高原  赵国峰  任超  梁姗姗 《地球物理学报》2022,(3)

2022年1月8日1时45分青海省门源县发生M_S6.9地震.本文基于青藏高原东北缘水平分辨率为0.3°的地震层析成像结果,获取了震源周边区域的地壳浅部构造信息,包括波速、泊松比以及估计的裂隙密度和饱和率的空间分布.结果表明:此次门源M_S6.9地震发生在P波和S波波速剧烈变化的区域,靠近高速体的边缘.泊松比和饱和率同样都显示,门源M_S6.9地震发生在高低值变化的过渡区.地震活动参数分析显示,震前冷龙岭断裂带的震源周边区域显示出了低b值、较低的a值和高a/b值的特征,与龙门山—岷山构造带强震之前的情况类似.裂隙密度在冷龙岭断裂两侧呈现出显著差异,北侧高于南侧,这可能是震后现场科考发现的断裂带地表破裂北侧高于南侧的构造成因.  相似文献   

Broadband seismic source data acquisition and processing to delineate iron oxide deposits in the Blötberget mine-central Sweden     

Tatiana Pertuz  Alireza Malehmir  Jordan Bos  Bojan Brodic  Yinshuai Ding  Richard de Kunder  Paul Marsden 《Geophysical Prospecting》2022,70(1):79-94

A prototype electromagnetic vibrator, referred to here as E-Vib, was upgraded and developed for broadband hardrock and mineral exploration seismic surveys. We selected the iron oxide mine in Blötberget, central Sweden, for a test site in 2019 for the newly developed E-Vib because of the availability of earlier seismic datasets (from 2015 to 2016) for verification of its performance for hardrock imaging purposes. The two-dimensional data acquisition consisted of a fixed geometry with 550 receiver locations spaced at every 5 m, employing both cabled and wireless seismic recorders, along an approximately 2.7 km long profile. The E-Vib operated at every second receiver station (i.e. 10 m spacing) with a linear sweep of 2–180 Hz and with a peak force of 7 kN. The processing workflow took advantage of the broadband signal generated by the E-Vib in this challenging hardrock environment with varying ground conditions. The processed seismic section shows a set of reflections associated with the known iron oxide mineralization and a major crosscutting reflection interpreted to be from a fault system likely to be crosscutting the mineralization. The broadband source data acquisition and subsequent processing helped to improve signal quality and resolution in comparison with the earlier workflows and data where a drophammer seismic source was used as the seismic source. These results suggest new possibilities for the E-Vib source for improved targeting in hardrock geological settings.  相似文献   

Multiscale linearized inversion of surface-wave dispersion curves     

Zhinong Wang  Chengyu Sun  Dunshi Wu 《Geophysical Prospecting》2022,70(1):19-34

In recent years, surface-wave analysis method has been developed rapidly in many fields. Multichannel analysis of surface waves can provide near-surface one-dimensional shear-wave velocity profiles. Because linearized inversion of surface-wave dispersion curves relies heavily on the choice of the initial model, setting an inappropriate initial model can lead to poor inversion results, or even failure of inversion. However, it is difficult to establish a reasonable initial model without a priori information, which is unavailable in most cases. To cope with this problem, a multiscale linearized inversion method is proposed for surface-wave dispersion curves inversion. In contrast with the traditional single-scale linearized inversion, the key idea of the proposed multiscale surface-wave inversion method is the introduction of a merging and splitting process of layers. After every scale inversion, the merging and splitting operations automatically optimize the inversion model, making it gradually approach to a reasonable subsurface stratification. Multiscale surface-wave inversion method reduces the difficulty of establishing the initial model and has high computational efficiency. In addition, it has strong ability to identify high-velocity or low-velocity interlayers and thin layers, especially suited for the geological conditions with obvious stratification. In synthetic tests, the proposed method was compared with the single-scale surface-wave inversion and particle swarm optimization algorithm to demonstrate the effectiveness and practicability of multiscale surface-wave inversion method. We also applied the multiscale surface-wave inversion method to field seismic data acquired in Guizhou, China and Texas, USA. Borehole and crosshole test data were compared with the inversion results of field data to prove the reliability of the proposed method.  相似文献   

缓倾角塔柱状危岩压裂损伤-突变失稳预测     

周福川  唐红梅  王林峰 《岩土力学》2022,43(5):1341-1352

陡高边坡灰岩地区缓倾角塔柱状危岩常具有底部压裂诱发整体失稳破坏模式,其损伤-突变失稳机制属于山地灾害关键科学问题之一。以重庆南川区甑子岩W12#危岩崩塌为例,建立了荷载、水致弱化效应耦合下的损伤突变地质力学模型,获得了基于应变等价原理的损伤本构方程及总损伤度演化方程,并将水致弱化函数改进为软化系数的一元三次函数。将地质力学模型概化为等效弹簧模型,通过能量平衡原理建立损伤-折叠突变模型,获得了塔柱状危岩系统压裂失稳判据及临界突变位移特征值表达式。计算表明：W12#危岩压裂失稳时,该系统的控制变量为–0.003 251,小于0,表示该系统进入不稳定状态;计算理论突变位移起始值148.70 mm比实测位移第一拐点值154.34 mm偏小,相对误差约3.65%,偏于安全;理论损伤本构曲线、理论损伤演化曲线与现有文献数值模拟结果趋于一致,所构建的理论预测模型具有较好的适用性。其研究成果可用于预判塔柱状危岩压裂失稳损伤演化过程及突发失稳特征位移值,为灰岩区陡高边坡危岩崩塌监测预警和防灾减灾提供理论依据。  相似文献   

深部地热能开发保温管技术研究现状及发展趋势          下载免费PDF全文

杜垚森  封优生  伍晓龙  师敏  高鹏举  汤小仁  赵远  王晓赛  王庆晓  董向宇  李秀峰 《探矿工程》2022,49(6):138-145

地热能是一种清洁的可再生能源,用地热能替代高碳能源是减少碳排放的有效途径之一。井下保温管技术是影响地热能开采效率的关键技术之一。本文从保温管的结构、材料、保温材料及制作工艺方面介绍了井下保温管的发展研究现状,指出纳米保温材料与真空油管的融合将是未来的发展趋势,真空纳米保温管是用于深部地热能开采的首选,同时也指出了真空纳米保温管的基础结构因素对保温性能的影响机制是研究的重点,为优化保温管的制作工艺、降本增效提供参考。  相似文献   

5000 m新型能源勘探智能钻探装备与技术研究          下载免费PDF全文

朱恒银  王强  刘兵  陈云召  冯建宇  乌效鸣 《探矿工程》2022,49(1):110-119

结合我国地下新型能源勘探工作的重大需求,开展了“5000 m新型能源勘探智能钻探装备与技术”的研究,取得了5000 m多功能交流变频电动钻机、多参数孔底自动监测装置、高温环保泥浆及泥浆性能自动测量装置、取心和无心钻进不提钻互换钻具等系列成果,填补了国内空白,推动了新型能源深部钻探技术向智能化方向发展。  相似文献   

基岩弯曲河段洪水水流结构的试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

白玉川  李彬  徐海珏  冀自青 《水科学进展》2022,33(1):102-110

低坡度基岩弯曲河流在地质构造控制区域广泛存在（床面坡度小于5‰）,洪水对基岩弯曲河流的河床淤积与侵蚀具有较大影响,但以往研究对基岩弯曲河流的洪水动力结构认识不足。通过几何概化基岩弯曲河段,考虑Froude相似与边壁粗糙,建立基岩弯曲河道概化模型,分析洪水下的弯道水面线分布、时均流场与湍流结构特性。结果表明:在洪水流量下,弯顶上游出现最小水面横比降、凸岸水流分离、凹岸双环流发育、流速下潜且二次环流强度达到最大,在弯顶下游水面横比降达到最大并出现环流分裂;床面切应力分布于凸岸水流分离以及弯顶上游中心区域,横向动量输移集中于弯顶上游。试验结果为基岩弯曲河道中的床面侵蚀与沿程淤积提供了水动力方面的解释。  相似文献   

基于结构水文地质学的采掘诱发高势能突水溃砂主动防控     

隋旺华 《工程地质学报》2022,30(1):101-109

在谷德振先生“水文地质结构”学术思想指引下,本文提出建立结构水文地质学的设想,论述了其基础理论框架。从方法论角度将矿山水害防控分为被动防控和主动防控两种方法。以结构水文地质学指导煤矿高势能突水溃砂防控,分析了被动防控可能产生突水溃砂灾害的机理; 提出了主动地质工程防控的原理,包括地质材料性质改造、结构隔水性能重构、赋存水动力环境改造、减轻采掘诱发覆岩破坏等具体方法。抛砖引玉,以期催生符合中国矿山防治水实践需要的创新理论和方法。  相似文献